Episode 106

The US Annexation of the Hawaiian Kingdom

“A Serious Riot. Armed Natives at Honolulu Capture the King’s Palace. They are in Turn Captured After Severe Fight. Two Prominent George Men Want to Fight. Red Lake Reservation Indians Threatening Trouble.” The Emporia Weekly News. (Emporia, KA) August 15, 1889. Accessed at: https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn85030221/1889-08-15/ed-1/?sp=2&q=robert+wilcox&r=0.423,0.025,0.651,0.549,0.

Akana, Alan Robert. The Volcano is Our Home: Nine Generations of a Hawaiian Family on Kilauea Volcano. Bloomington, IN: Balboa Press, 2014.

Allen, Helena G. The Betrayal of Liliuokalani. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing, 1982.

Burlin, Paul. “Marine Migrations: Arthur and Harold Sewall in the Pacific.” Marine History 35, no. 1. June 9, 1995. 26 - 45. Accessed at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1298&context=mainehistoryjournal#:~:text=With%20the%20Republican%20victory%20in,would%20favor%20annexation%20of%20Hawaii.

“Capt. Parker’s Life Hangs in the Balance.” Image. The Honolulu Advertiser. (Honolulu, HI) August 6, 1898. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/clip/22063619/captain-robert-parker-waipa/.

Cleveland, Grover. “President Cleveland’s Message About Hawaii December 18, 1893.” American History from Revolution to Reconstruction and Beyond. Accessed at: http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/documents/1876-1900/president-clevelands-message-about-hawaii-december-18-1893.php.

Cleveland, Grover. “State of the Union 1894 – 3 December, 1894.” American History from Revolution to Reconstruction and Beyond. Accessed at: http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/presidents/grover-cleveland/state-of-the-union-1894.php.

Dole, Sanford B. Memoirs of the Hawaiian Revolution. Andrew Farrell, editor. Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Co., 1936. Accessed at: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3477492&view=1up&seq=9&skin=2021.

“December 4, 1893: First Annual Message (Second Term).” Miller Center. UVA. Accessed at: https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/presidential-speeches/december-4-1893-first-annual-message-second-term.

“Flags Changed. Old Glory is Now the Ensign of the Hawaiian Islands.” The Honoloulu Advertiser. (Honolulu, HI) August 13, 1898. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/258480910/?terms=.

Franklin Repository. (Chambersburg, PA) December 7, 1893. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/551579916/?terms=grover%20cleveland%20hawaii&match=1.

“Gate Entrances.” Iolani Palace. Accessed at: https://www.iolanipalace.org/sacred-palace/palace-grounds/gate-entrances/.

Haley, James L. Captive Paradise: A History of Hawaii. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2014.

“Hawaiian Kingdom Constitution of 1887: Granted by Kalakaua Rex., July 6, 1887.” Hawaii: Independent & Sovereign. Accessed at: https://www.hawaii-nation.org/constitution-1887.html.

“Iolani Palace, Honolulu, Hawai’i.” National Park Service. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/places/iolanipalace.htm#:~:text=The%20large%20palace%20was%20built,the%20first%20and%20second%20floors.

“Kingdom of Hawai’i Constitution of 1840.” Hawaii: Independent & Sovereign. Accessed at: https://www.hawaii-nation.org/constitution-1840.html.

Kinzer, Stephen. Overthrow: America’s Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq. New York: Henry Hold and Company, 2006.

Kuykendall, Ralph S. The Hawaiian Kingdom, Volume III, 1874-1893: The Kalakaua Dynasty. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1967. Accessed at: http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?e=d-0kingdom3-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin&a=d&d=D0.16&toc=0.

Ledyard, John. Journal of Captain Cook’s Last Voyage to the Pacific Ocean and in Quest of a North-West Passage Between Asia & America; Performed in the Years 1776, 1777, 1778, and 1779. Hartford: Nathaniel Patten, 1783. Accessed at: https://www.loc.gov/item/05039321/.

“Liliuokalani, 1893 to Sanford B. Dole.” University of Hawaii at Manoa Library. Accessed at: https://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/protest/liliu2.php.

Liliuokalani. Hawaii’s Story by Hawaii’s Queen. Boston: Lee and Shepard Publishers, 1898. Accessed at: https://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/hawaii.html.

Meares, John. Hawaiian Historical Society Reprints: Extracts from Voyages Made in the Years 1788 and 1789 From China to the Northwest Coast of America, with an Introductory Narrative of a Voyage Performed in 1786, From Bengal, in the Ship “Nootka”. London: Legographic Press, 1791.

Merry, Robert W. President McKinley: Architect of the American Century. Simon & Schuster, 2017.

“New Hawaiian Constitution, Adopted July 7, 1887.” The Hawaiian Gazette. (Honolulu, HI) July 7, 1887. Accessed at: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025121/1887-07-07/ed-1/seq-2/.

“Newlands Resolution to Provide for Annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States.” Hawaii: Independent & Sovereign. Accessed at: https://www.hawaii-nation.org/annexation.html.

“Political History.” Hawaiian Kingdom. Accessed at: https://www.hawaiiankingdom.org/political-history.shtml.

Portraits of American Protestant Missionaries to Hawaii: Published by the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society. Honolulu: The Hawaiian Gazzette Co., 1901. Accessed at: https://archive.org/details/portraitsofameri00hawarich/page/n5/mode/2up.

“Raising the U.S. Flag in Hawaii: The Transfer of Sovereignty: August 14, 1898.” Spanish American War. Accessed at: https://spanamwar.com/Hawaiiflag.htm.

“REFORM! Immense Mass Meeting. Unter Military Protection. Radical Resolutions. Strong Speeches. A Firm and Formidable Front.” The Herald. (Honolulu, HI) July 1, 1887. Accessed at: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85047239/1887-07-01/ed-1/seq-3/.

Richards, Mary Atherton. The Chiefs’ Children’s School: A Record Compiled from the Diary and Letters of Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin, 1937. Accessed at: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015019805137&view=1up&seq=15.

Siler, Julia Flynn. Lost Kingdom: Hawaii’s Last Queen, the Sugar Kings, and America’s First Imperial Venture. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2012.

Sparks, Jared. Life of John Ledyard, the Amerian Traveller. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1847.

Tabrah, Ruth M. Hawaii: A History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1984.

Taylor, Albert Pierce. Under Hawaiian Skies: A Narrative of the Romance, Adventure, and History of the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: Advertiser Publishing Company, Ltd., 1922.

“The Bungalow.” Image. Accessed at: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Royal_Bungalow_outside_Iolani_Palace_%28PP-11-2-012%29.jpg/743px-Royal_Bungalow_outside_Iolani_Palace_%28PP-11-2-012%29.jpg.

The Daily Bulletin. (Honolulu, HI) June 30 1887. Accessed at: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016412/1887-06-30/ed-1/seq-2/.

The Daily Bulletin. (Honoloulu, HI) January 17, 1893. Accessed at: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016412/1893-01-17/ed-1/seq-3/.

“The Hawaiian Question.” The Cyclopedic Review of Current History 3, No. 4. (October 1 - December 31, 1893). in The Quarterly Register of Current History, Volume 3. 1894.