Episode 153
West Virginia’s Mine Wars: From Trouble in Matewan to the Battle of Blair Mountain
Andrews, Thomas G. Killing for Coal: America’s Deadliest Labor War. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008.
“Calvin Coolidge, president of the United States.” Britannica. Accessed at: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Calvin-Coolidge.
Cordery, Simon. Mother Jones: Raising Cain and Consciousness. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2010.
Cushman, Barry. “Doctrinal Synergies and Liberal Dilemmas: The Case of the Yellow-Dog Contract.” Notre Dame Law School: 235 - 293 (1992). Accessed at: https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2254&context=law_faculty_scholarship.
Dubofsky, Melvyn and Foster Rhea Dulles. Labor in America: A History. Wheeling, IL: Harlan Davidson, 2004.
“European Grandparents Came to U.S. to Mine Coal.” Post Independent. April 5, 2010. Accessed at: https://www.postindependent.com/news/european-grandparents-came-to-u-s-to-mine-coal/.
“Founding of the National Labor Union and the 1st National Call for a 8-Hour Work Day.” Library of Congress. Accessed at: https://guides.loc.gov/this-month-in-business-history/august/national-labor-union-8-hour-work-day.
“Funeral of Hatfield is Held Today. No Trouble Reported in Matewan Sectoin; All Very Quiet.” The West Virginian. (Fairmont, WV) August 3, 1921. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/465060027/?terms=hatfield%20funeral&match=1.
“History.” United Mine Workers of America. Accessed at: https://umwa.org/about/history/.
Hood, Abby Lee. “What Made the Battle of Blair Mountain the Largest Labor Uprising in American History.” Smithsonian Magazine. August 25, 2021. Accessed at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/battle-blair-mountain-largest-labor-uprising-american-history-180978520/.
Irwin, Yellowitz. “Samuel Gompers: A Half Century in Labor’s Front Rank.” Monthly Labor Review 112, no. 7: 27 - 33 (1989). Accessed at: https://research-ebsco-com.ezproxy.uvu.edu/linkprocessor/plink?id=bcf20870-0c59-3f11-839e-69763e0f1079.
Kimeldorf, Howard. Battling for American Labor: Wobblies, Craft Workers, and the Making of the Union Movement. Berkely, CA: University of California Press, 1999.
“Matewan Massacre.” National Park Service. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/matewan-massacre.htm.
Michals, Debra, editor. “Mary Harris Jones (1837 - 1930).” National Women’s History Museum. 2015. Accessed at: https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-harris-jones.
“Miners Want Guard Unarmed. No Settlement, Say Strikers, Until This is Done.” The Baltimore Sun. (Baltimore, MD) August 16, 1912. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/373100897/.
“Mother Jones.” National Park Service. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/mother-jones.htm.
Norwood, Stephen H. Strikebreaking and Intimidation: Mercenaries and Masculinity in Twentieth-Century America. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
“Paint Creek and Cabin Creek Strikes.” National Park Service. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/paint-creek-and-cabin-creek-strikes.htm.
Powell, Allan Kent. The Next Time We Strike: Labor in Utah’s Coal Fields, 1900-1933. Logan, UT: Utah State University Press, 1985.
Rees, Jonathan and Jonathan Z. S. Pollack. The Voice of the People: Primary Sources on the History of American Labor, Industrial Relations, and Working-Class Culture. Wheeling, IL: Harlan Davidson, 2004.
“Samuel Gompers.” AFL-CIO: America’s Unions. Accessed at: https://aflcio.org/about/history/labor-history-people/samuel-gompers.
Savage, Lon. Thunder in the Mountains: The West Virginia Mine War (1920-21). Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990.
“Sheriff and Miner Killed in Fighting in Mine War Today. Then Killing Snipers Quiet Down for Day in W. Virginia Scrap. Airplanes Carry Note.” Leavenworth Post. (Leavenworth, KS). August 31, 1921. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/112165712/.
“Sheriff Don Chafin.” National Park Service. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/sheriff-don-chafin.htm.
Shogan, Robert. The Battle of Blair Mountain: The Story of America's Largest Labor Uprising. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2004.
Smith, Robert Michael. From Blackjacks to Briefcases: A History of Commercialized Strikebreaking and Unionbusting in the United States. Athens, OH: University Press, 2003.
Special Board of Officers to Inquire Into the Armed Conflict. Ludlow, Being the Report of the Special Board of Officers Appointed by the Governor of Colorado to Investigate and Determine the Facts With Reference to the Armed Conflict Between the Colorado National Guard and Certain Persons Engaged at the Col Mining Strike at Ludlow, Colo., April 20, 1914. Denver: Press of the Williamson-Haffner Co., 1914. Accessed at: https://archive.org/details/ludlowbeingrepor00colorich/page/7/mode/1up.
Streissguth, Thomas. “1: Samuel Gompers Granddaddy of the Labor Movement.” Legendary Labor Leaders: 14–29 (January 1998). Accessed at: https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=0e44b26a-39e2-398d-9587-6781d49799d2.
“Strikers Threaten to Kill the Mine Guards. Miners Speak From Steps of the Capitol. Mother Jones and Other Speakers Deliver Addresses to More Than 2,000 Strikers. Inform Governor if He Does Not Remove the Guards They Will Take Means To” The Wheeling Intelligencer. (Wheeling, WV) August 16, 1912. Accessed at: https://www.newspapers.com/image/819195470/.
Terrell, Ellen. “Samuel Gompers and the American Federation of Labor.” Library of Congress. May 24, 2023. Accessed at: https://blogs.loc.gov/inside_adams/2023/05/samuel-gompers-american-federation-of-labor/.
“The Mine Wars [Electronic Resource (Video)] / PBS.” Video. PBS. 2018. Accessed at: https://research-ebsco-com.ezproxy.uvu.edu/linkprocessor/plink?id=490d94ac-435f-32e5-90e2-612a0378f1ab.
U.S., Congress, Senate. Subcommittee of the Committee on Educations and Labor. Conditions in the Paint Creek District, West Virginia. 63d Congress, 1st Session, 1914. Accessed at: https://www.google.com/books/edition/Conditions_in_the_Paint_Creek_District_W/egk9AAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA2262&printsec=frontcover.
Walker, M. “The Ludlow Massacre: Class, Warfare, and Historical Memory in Southern Colorado”. Historical Archeology 37, 66–80 (2003). Accessed at: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03376612.
Winkler, Allan M. “Labor Movements,” The Oxford Companion to United States History. Paul S. Boyer, editor. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Winter, Thomas. “Boston Police Strike.” Salem Press Encyclopedia. January, 2022. Accessed at: https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=1affff3f-2993-3fcf-a1fc-8d50bf00c043.
“Women in the Mine Towns.” American Experience. PBS. Accessed at: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/minewars-women/.