The Gilded Age, Industrialization, and Assassination of President James Garfield

“A Sad Day.” The Omaha Daily Bee. July 6, 1881. Accessed at: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn99021999/1881-07-06/ed-1/seq-10/#date1=1777&sort=date&rows=20&words=assassinate+Garfield+James&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=0&state=&date2=1963&proxtext=jame+garfield+assassination&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1.

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Adams, John. “John Adams to Abigail Adams, 19 December 1793,” Founders Online. National Archives. https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-09-02-0278. [Original source: The Adams Papers, Adams Family Correspondence, vol. 9, January 1790 – December 1793. C. James Taylor, Margaret A. Hogan, Karen N. Barzilay, Gregg L. Lint, Hobson Woodward, Mary T. Claffey, Robert F. Karachuk, and Sara B. Sikes, editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009, pp. 476–477.]

Beeman, Richard.  The Penguin Guide to the United States Constitution. New York: Penguin Books, 2010.

Bruce, Robert V. 1877: Year of Violence. Chicago, IL, Ivan R. Dee, 1989. 

Cashman, Sean Dennis. America in the Gilded Age: From The Death Of Lincoln To The Rise Of Theodore Roosevelt, 3rd ed. New York: New York University Press, 1993.

Chernow, Ron. Grant. New York: Penguin Press, 2017.

“Civil War. The Horrid Social Confusion of the Past Two Days. Pittsburg, and the Terrible Scenes Within Her Limits. The Strong and Mighty Arm of Authority Palsied for Hours. Deliberate Destruction of Five Millions of Railroad Property. The Awful Fury of the Mob Emptied Upon the Young Militiamen. Investment of Their Shelter and Horror of Their Situation. The Improvised Fortress Beleaguered with Tempests of Flame. Forlorn Sally of the Hunted and Stricken Soldiers. Their Forsaken Condition in a Cemetery Without Food. A Committee of Citizens Assume the Reigns of Government. The miles of Ruins Smoldering Innocuously at Dawn. A Complete Narrative Unparalleled in American History. Full Dispaches from Every Railroad Centre of Important News. The Situation in Chicago Yesterday - Preparing to Meet Possible Trouble. Meetings of Railroad Men and Workingmen - Visit to the Northwestern Boys. Pittsburgh. A Concession.” Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago, IL.). July 23, 1877. Accessed at: https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84031492/1877-07-23/ed-1/?q=pittsburg+railroad+strike&sp=1&r=0.071,0.413,0.674,0.569,0.

Clendenen, Clarence C. "President Hayes' "Withdrawal" of the Troops: An Enduring Myth." The South Carolina Historical Magazine 70, no. 4 1969. Accessed at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27566958.

Cohen, Jared. Accidental Presidents. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2019.

Craig, Brian. “James Garfield: Education President.” Miller Center. Accessed at: https://millercenter.org/james-garfield-education-president.

Foner, Philip S. The Great Labor Uprising of 1877. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1977.

Gould, Lewis L.“The Gilded Age.” in The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Greenberger, Scott S. The Unexpected President: The Life and Times of Chester A. Arthur. New York: Hachette Books, 2017. 

Hayes, Rutherford B. Inaugural Address. Fremont, OH: Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museum, 1877. Accessed at: https://www.rbhayes.org/hayes/rutherford-b.-hayes-s-inaugural-address/.

“Irvin McDowell Garfield.” National Parks Service. Last Updated June 8, 2020. Accessed at: https://www.nps.gov/people/irvin-mcdowell-garfield.htm.

Karabell, Zachary. Chester Alan Arthur: The American Presidents Series: The 21st President, 1881-1885. New York: Times Books, 2004.

Kaufman, Bruce E. “Industrialization.” in The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Licht, Walter. “Industrialization.” in The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Marx, Karl. Manifesto of The Communist Party. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1969. Accessed at: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf. 

McCabe, James D. The History of the Great Riots: Being a Full and Authentic Account of the Strikes and Riots on the Various Railroads of the United States and in the Mining Regions. Embracing Brilliant and Graphic Pen-Pictures of the Reign of Terror in Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Chicago, and Other Cities. The Conflicts Between the Troops and the Mob. Terrible Conflagrations and Destruction of Property. Thrilling Scenes and Incidents, Etc. Together with the Full History of Mollie Maguires. Philadelphia, PA: The National Publishing Company, 1877. Accessed at: https://archive.org/details/historygreatrio00mccagoog/page/n96/mode/2up.

McCraw, John. “Business,” in The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Morgan, Wayne H. “Garfield, James.” in The Oxford Companion to United States History, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

“A Merchant’s Banquet.” New York Times. May 15th, 1877. Accessed at: https://www.nytimes.com/1877/05/15/archives/a-merchants-banquet-chamber-of-commerce-dinner-a-large-number-of.html.

Pennsylvania General Assembly Committee Appointed to Investigate the Railroad Riots in July, 1877. “Report of the Committee Appointed to Investigate the Railroad Riots in July, 1877.” Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Harris, 1878.

Peskin, Allen. Garfield. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1978.

Report of the Committee Appointed to Investigate the Railroad Riots in July, 1877: Read in the Senate and House of Representatives May 23, 1878. United States: L.S. Hart, state printer, 1878.

Ridpath, John Clark. The Life and Work of James A. Garfield, Twentieth President of the United States: Embracing an Account of the Scenes and Incidents of His Boyhood, the Struggles of His Youth, the Might of His Early Manhood, His Valor as a Soldier, His Career as a Statesman, His Election to the Presidency, and the Tragic Story of His Death. United States: Jones Brothers, 1881. Accessed at: https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Life_and_Work_of_James_A_Garfield_Tw/NFBKAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.

Roediger, David. “The Railroad Strikes of 1877.” In The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Rutkow, Ira. James A. Garfield: American Presidents Series: The 20th Presiden. New York: Times Books, 2006.

Scott, Roy V.  “Granger Laws.” The Oxford Companion to United States History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Stowell, David O. Streets, Railroads, and The Great Strikes of 1877. Chicago. IL: University of Chicago Press, 1999.

“The Panic of 1873.” American Experience. PBS. Accessed at: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/grant-panic/.

Trefousse, Hans L. Rutherford B. Hayes. New York: Times Books, 2002.

Twain, Mark. “The Revised Catechism.” New York Daily Tribune. September 27, 1871.

Washington State University. “Immigrant Factory Workers.” The Gilded Age and Progressive Era: Student Research Projects. Accessed at: http://digitalexhibits.libraries.wsu.edu/exhibits/show/2016sphist417/immigration/pedro-recondo#:~:text=During%20the%20Gilded%20Age%20there,percent%20of%20the%20immigration%20population.